^{#smrgKİTABEVİ} Aleppo and the Levantine Trading Company Fratelli Poche (1853-1880) -

Foreword to the English Translation

Note on transliteration

List of Illustrations

Introduction The Poche-Marcopoli Archive Structure and Content

Part I: Trading Colonies and the “Khan Aristocracy”

From Temporary to Permanent Residence

Aleppo as an Ottoman Commercial Metropolis

Rise and Fall of the Trading Colonies

The Europeans and the Local Population

Becoming Residents

Khan Society

The Poche Family: A Changing Identity Gaining a Foothold

Ties with Europe

The Arab-Ottoman Milieu

Part II: The Fratelli Poche Company and its Network

Conquering the Hinterland of Aleppo

Aleppo in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century

The Entry into Regional Trade

The Birth of the Fratelli Poche Company

Outgoing Correspondence: An Overview

Building a Regional Network

The Wool Centre Urfa

Diyarbekir and the Sale of Yarns

The Struggle for Consular Posts

Credit and Payment Transactions

Limiting Financial Risk

Bills of Exchange

Kambiyale as a Basic Credit Instrument

Poliçe as a Means of Payment and Money Transfer

Which Law for Bills of Exchange?

Part III: Ways and Means of Settling Debt Cases

The Balancing Act: Informal Means vs. Official ProceduresOf Threatening and Flattering

The Case of Bakos Küçük Usta

The Case of Mahmud Saatçi

Involving Influential Figures

An End to Patience

The Case of Bedduş Demirci

The Development of the Mixed Commercial Court of Aleppo

Prelude to the Tanzimat Reforms

From Meclis to Mahkeme

The Directeur des Affaires Extérieures

The Consolidation of the Aleppo Commercial Court

Between Rival Authorities

Continuity and Change in Commercial Conflict Resolution

Delay and Ineffectuality

The Use of Government Orders

Dealing with Ottoman Officials

The Fratelli Poche Company and the Tanzimat Reforms in Practice

General Conclusion

Appendix

Bibliography

Index