^{#smrgKİTABEVİ} The Greek - Turkish War of 1919 - 1922 in Greek Historiography: The Megali Idea in Action -

On May 15 1919, Greece landed its forces in Smyrna, an important ancient port and one of the largest cities in the Ottoman Empire, located at a strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. Initially, no one anticipated much resistance from the Ottoman Turks, a member of the Central Powers which lost the war. The prevalent belief was that the Armistice of Mudros signed and sealed the fate of the Ottoman Empire in October 1918. And when there was resistance from the nationalist Turks, a breakaway movement under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal based in Ankara, the Greek armies in Smyrna forayed out into Anatolia to quash them once and for all. Lloyd George (1863–1945), the prime minister of Great Britain, resolutely stood behind Athens both politically and financially.

However, the dream of the “Greater Greece” turned sour at the Battle of Sangorios River in August 1922, and then to Katastrofi in Smyrna in September 1922. The Greco-Turkish war of 1919-1922 is still a hotly debated issue in Greece under the woeful heading Mikrasiatiki Katastrofi.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
NOTES FROM THE AUTHOR
INTRODUCTION
THE GREEK-TURKISH WAR OF 1919-1922 IN GREEK HISTORIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER I HISTORY-HISTORIOGRAPHY
Historian-History-Historiography-Historicity
"Good" Historian
A Viable History
The First Historiographer
"Science" of Historiography
CHAPTER II THE MAKING OF THE GREEK NATIONAL HISTORIOGRAPHY
Problematics in Greek Nationalist Historiography: Paparrigopoulos, Korais, Zambelios
"Hellen" and "Hellenism"
Byzantium: Hellenism and Orthodoxia
The Break of 1054; the Ottoman Umbrella
From Rousseau to Voltaire to Condorcet to Korais: Philhellenism
From the Ancient Greece to the Greek Nation
Tourkokratia Deconstructed
Megali Idea: the Way to the Greater Greece
Independence and Freedom
Great Historical Continuities
A Problematic in Greek Historiography
Nationalism Travels to the Ottoman Balkans
From Byzantine to the Ottoman Empire
"Constructedness" of Greek National Identity
The Difference of the Ottoman Rum
The Concern of a Patriarch
The Phanariots Came Close to Rule an Empire
Imperialism of the Great Powers
The Nation versus the "Millet"
The Impact of the Enlightenment on the Balkans
Ethnicity - The Ottoman Way
Secularization of the Rum
CHAPTER III THE TURK AS THE "OTHER" IN GREEK NATIONAL HISTORIOGRAPHY
"Amputation" Spells "Expansion"
"Chosen" Concepts for Animosity
The Megali Idea as the Turning Point
"Digging Out" an Identity
Neo-Hellenism: an Affront to the West
Ottoman Millets Thrown into Existential Crisis
Is a Turk an "Archetypal Hate Figure"?
CHAPTER IV THE "MEGALI IDEA" (THE GREAT/GRAND IDEA) IN GREEK NATIONAL HISTORIOGRAPHY
The End of Multiethnic Empires
The Beginning of Modern Nationalism
The Beginning of Greek Nationalism
Multiple Yokes
The Enlightenment and Greek Nationalism
Why Did the Greeks Turn to Ancient Greece for National Identity?
The Greek War of Independence
The Megali Idea Formulated
An Ideology to Replace all Others
How Did the Enlightenment Solve Identity Problems?
The Position of the Orthodox Church
An Ottoman Empire with a Hellenic Touch
Irredentism Overwhelms "Ottoman Hellenism"
Psychological State of the Newly Established Greek State
"Neo-Hellenism" versus "Western Hellenism" via the Megali Idea
A Contrapuntal Existence: Greek Culture versus Realpolitik
The Closing of the Ottoman Umbrella
The New Greek State - Something Missing
The Megali Idea and the "Eastern Question"
The Raison d'être of the New State of Greece
CHAPTER V THE GREEK NATIONAL NARRATIVE OF "MIKRASIATIKI KATASTROFI" 1919 - 1922
Greece and the Entente Cooperate to Finish Off an Empire
The First World War Breaks Out in 1912 - not in 1914
When Did Venizelos Decide to Get Involved?
Why Did Venizelos Choose the Entente?
Armistice of Mudros and the "Fourteen Points"
The Seizure of Smyrna / İzmir
The Promise of the Entente
The Treaty of Sèvres
The Turkish Nationalists in Ankara Say "No": The First Battle of İnönü
The London Conference
The Greek Forces Foray Out of Smyrna
A "Timid" Campaign and Venizelos's Election Defeat
The Royalists in Power Continue with the War: the Second Battle of İnönü
The Entente Changes its Mind
Financial Problems Strike with Vengeance
The Beginning of the End: The Sangarios
Some Incalculable Problems
Dumlupınar
The End
The Chanak Crisis
The Armistice of Mudania
Athens in Chaos - The Trial of the Six
Venizelos Mends Relations with the new Turkish Republic
CONCLUSION
POSTSCRIPT
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX